Income, distance and amenities. An empirical analysis

Abstract

This paper analyses the income distribution of households in Barcelona metropolitan area. For this purpose we use themonocentricmodel. As the basic model does not have direct implications for this distribution, we survey the extensions of the model that have been used in empirical literature. One of the most promisingways is to introduce externalities in the decision process; they can result directly from exogenous amenities (given traits of urban area) or be created by other agents’ decisions.We first test the simple model relating income to distance. Then we introduce and test the model with exogenous amenities; recreational areas, transportation systems, health, educational and cultural infrastructure. In the third stage we test themodel with spatial effects.We present evidence that any model with spatial effects improves significantly the empirical results.