Innovation ecosystems enable small- and medium-sized enterprises to compete with innovations that include the knowledge of others. Integrating external knowledge in innovation is however a complex process, and there are ...

Microbial biofilms in oligotrophic environments are the most reactive component of the ecosystem. In high-altitude lakes, exposed bedrock, boulders, gravel, and sand in contact with highly oxygenated water and where a very ...

Spatial patterns in the abundance of species are determined by local abiotic and biotic conditions, and by the movement of individuals among localities. For species distributed among discrete habitat ‘‘islands’’, such ...